{"id":37661,"date":"2023-12-14T15:02:46","date_gmt":"2023-12-14T14:02:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wallix.com\/?p=37661"},"modified":"2026-02-10T14:03:33","modified_gmt":"2026-02-10T13:03:33","slug":"elevation-de-privilege-sudo-pour-pam-la-bonne-facon-de-proceder","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wallix.com\/fr\/blogpost\/elevation-de-privilege-sudo-pour-pam-la-bonne-facon-de-proceder\/","title":{"rendered":"El\u00e9vation de privil\u00e8ge SUDO pour PAM : La bonne fa\u00e7on de proc\u00e9der"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class='flex_column_table av-memnys7l-29de1bccf055777f079db6b054dee9cb sc-av_two_third av-equal-height-column-flextable'>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-memnys7l-29de1bccf055777f079db6b054dee9cb\">\n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-memnys7l-29de1bccf055777f079db6b054dee9cb{\nmargin-top:0px;\nmargin-bottom:0;\n}\n.flex_column.av-memnys7l-29de1bccf055777f079db6b054dee9cb{\npadding:50px 50px 50px 50px;\nbackground-color:#ffffff;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top .flex_column_table.av-equal-height-column-flextable.av-memnys7l-29de1bccf055777f079db6b054dee9cb{\nmargin-top:-200px;\nmargin-bottom:0;\n}\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-memnys7l-29de1bccf055777f079db6b054dee9cb av_two_third  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first no_margin flex_column_table_cell av-equal-height-column av-align-top  '     ><p>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-lq59rdn5-3a34844ad1c08519d29a31b9e109525d\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-lq59rdn5-3a34844ad1c08519d29a31b9e109525d{\npadding-bottom:10px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-lq59rdn5-3a34844ad1c08519d29a31b9e109525d .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-lq59rdn5-3a34844ad1c08519d29a31b9e109525d .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='av-special-heading av-lq59rdn5-3a34844ad1c08519d29a31b9e109525d av-special-heading-h1 blockquote modern-quote  avia-builder-el-1  el_before_av_textblock  avia-builder-el-first '><h1 class='av-special-heading-tag '  itemprop=\"headline\"  >El\u00e9vation de privil\u00e8ge SUDO pour PAM : La bonne fa\u00e7on de proc\u00e9der<\/h1><div class=\"special-heading-border\"><div class=\"special-heading-inner-border\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><br \/>\n<section  class='av_textblock_section av-lq59shtm-01782e56a6b542d62a11dcf982534fca '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><span id=\"hs_cos_wrapper_post_body\" class=\"hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text\" data-hs-cos-general-type=\"meta_field\" data-hs-cos-type=\"rich_text\">Avec ou sans SUDO, c&rsquo;est la question. L\u2019utilisation de SUDO a des partisans comme des d\u00e9tracteurs, avec des arguments tels que : \u00ab C\u2019est gratuit mais ce n\u2019est pas maintenu \u00bb, etc. Il n\u2019y a pas de bonnes ou de mauvaises r\u00e9ponses, mais il y a des bonnes et des mauvaises pratiques en termes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f37300;\">El\u00e9vation de privil\u00e8ges et risques li\u00e9s au SUDO?<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span id=\"hs_cos_wrapper_post_body\" class=\"hs_cos_wrapper hs_cos_wrapper_meta_field hs_cos_wrapper_type_rich_text\" data-hs-cos-general-type=\"meta_field\" data-hs-cos-type=\"rich_text\">Finalement, quel est le c\u0153ur du d\u00e9bat ? La commande SUDO permet d\u2019\u00e9lever les droits des utilisateurs pour ex\u00e9cuter des commandes potentiellement dangereuses si mal utilis\u00e9es (rm -rf *).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"color: #f37300;\"><strong><em>La commande SUDO permet d\u2019\u00e9lever les droits des utilisateurs pour ex\u00e9cuter des commandes potentiellement dangereuses si mal utilis\u00e9es (rm -rf *).<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Dans l\u2019environnement PAM (pour <em>Privileged Access Management<\/em> ou <em>Gestion des Acc\u00e8s \u00e0 Privil\u00e8ges<\/em>), la pertinence de cette commande semble limit\u00e9e : un syst\u00e8me cible configur\u00e9 correctement aura des comptes avec des droits d\u2019acc\u00e8s sur mesure. Oui, mais un syst\u00e8me configur\u00e9 correctement n\u2019autorise pas les acc\u00e8s SSH root. Autant pour la cr\u00e9ation de profiles \u00e0 privil\u00e8ges !<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019utilisation de la commande SUDO peut \u00e9galement poser des probl\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Dans un environnement de type PAM, il est recommand\u00e9 de masquer les identifiants des comptes cibles aux utilisateurs primaires. Les alternatives au SUDO sont donc d\u2019utiliser une solution propri\u00e9taire ou de d\u00e9ployer des agents locaux pour fournir une solution centralis\u00e9e de fichier SUDO.<\/p>\n<p>Mais pourquoi ne pas utiliser le fort potentiel de votre solution de PAM \u00e0 la place de ces alternatives ?<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #f37300;\">SUDO pour PAM<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Le PAM de WALLIX permet d\u2019injecter directement des commandes lors de l\u2019initiation d\u2019une session SSH, afin qu\u2019un administrateur puisse param\u00e9trer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les droits qui seront allou\u00e9s pendant la session tout en prot\u00e9geant les identifiants de la cible dans son coffre-fort \u00e0 mots de passe. Au lieu de contourner le probl\u00e8me, il est maintenant possible de b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier du comportement normal des commandes SU\/SUDO et de cr\u00e9er des scripts qui d\u00e9finiront pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la port\u00e9e des droits de l\u2019utilisateur pendant la session, le tout de mani\u00e8re transparente pour le syst\u00e8me cible.<\/p>\n<p>Pour faire simple, le PAM de WALLIX permet l\u2019\u00e9tablissement de session \u00e0 privil\u00e8ges en deux \u00e9tapes :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Il \u00e9tablit une session sans privil\u00e8ges particuliers \u00e0 une cible SSH, les connections SSH root \u00e9tant interdites.<\/li>\n<li>Il injecte les identifiants SUDO dans la session de sorte que l\u2019utilisateur primaire obtienne les bons droits, mais sans avoir acc\u00e8s aux identifiants de la cible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/section><\/p><\/div>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-av_one_third-8b3a908a4c9229354e4fe1a0efcfaf36\">\n#top 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